Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental MedicineThe term “biomarker” describes biomolecules that aid in the identification and characterization of biological processes. Biomarkers must show a high sensitivity and specificity for a certain disease and high reproducibility under different experimental settings. For reliable assessment of such biomarkers, we make use of innovative combined single-cell DNA and RNA analysis. Merging information from the genome (mutations) and the transcriptome (expression) allows robust and reliable evaluation of previously described biomarkers as well as description of novel ones.