In parallel with the worldwide growing production of plastics, the concentration of nano- and microplastic particles in the environment is also increasing, for example in drinking water, in foods and in the air. Inevitably, such particles also enter the human organism via these routes of exposure. In the CEFIC-LRI program, Fraunhofer ITEM is now collaborating with Fraunhofer IKTS and BASF SE to develop a standardized approach to assessing the potential hazards of inhaled microplastic particles to human health.